Table of ContentsChronic renal failure Chronic renal failure (CRF) Causes of CRF in dogs Causes of CRF in cats Causes of CRF in large animals Differentiation of CRF from ARF Uremia as an intoxication Concept of hyperfiltration Concept of hyperfiltration Concept of hyperfiltration Proteinuria and glomerular sclerosis in remnant nephrons are adverse effects of hyperfiltration that may lead to progression of renal disease Concept of hyperfiltration Factors contributing to the progressive nature of renal disease Progession of renal disease: Species differencres and extent of reduction in renal mass Progression of renal disease: Functional and morphologic changes in remnant renal tissue Progression of renal disease: Time followed Progression of renal disease: Diet Diet and progression of renal disease: Protein restriction Diet and progression of renal disease: Phosphorus restriction Diet and progression of renal disease: Caloric restriction Diet and progression of renal disease: Lipids Beneficial effects of _-3 PUFA in renal disease Progression of renal disease: Systemic complications of renal insufficiency Progression of renal disease: Therapeutic interventions Concept of external balance Intact nephron hypothesis (Bricker) Maintenance of glomerulotubular balance in progressive renal disease “Trade off” hypothesis (Bricker) “Trade off” hypothesis Different responses for different solutes Different responses for different solutes BUN, creatinine (no regulation) Water balance (complete regulation) Impaired concentrating ability Why does polyuria develop? PPT Slide Na+ balance in CRF: Complete regulation K+ balance in CRF: Complete regulation Ca+2 balance in CRF: Complete regulation Ca+2 balance in CRF: Complete regulation Ca+2 balance in CRF Ca+2 balance in CRF Phosphorus balance in CRF: Limited regulation Phosphorus balance in CRF: Limited regulation Renal secondary hyperparathyroidism Classical theory Renal secondary hyperparathyroidism Renal secondary hyperparathyroidism Renal secondary hyperparathyroidism Renal secondary hyperparathyroidism Alternative hypothesis: Role of calcitriol Renal secondary hyperparathyroidism Renal secondary hyperparathyroidism: Phosphorus restriction Acid-base regulation: Limited regulation Acid-base regulation: Limited regulation Anemia of CRF Anemia of CRF: Contributory factors Hemostasis in CRF Gastrointestinal disturbances in CRF Oral lesions Gastrointestinal disturbances in CRF Gastric lesions Metabolic complications of CRF Less commonly recognized disturbances in CRF Hypertension in CRF Hypertension in CRF Mechanisms Hypertension in CRF Clinical Manifestations Clinical history in CRF Findings are non-specific Physical findings in CRF Laboratory findings in CRF Laboratory findings in CRF: Urinalysis Management of CRF: General principles Conservative medical management of CRF Conservative medical management of CRF: Protein restriction? Conservative medical management of CRF: Protein restriction Commercial diets for CRF management (dry matter basis) Conservative medical management of CRF: Monitoring patient response Conservative medical management of CRF: Non-protein calories Conservative medical management of CRF: Sodium chloride Conservative medical management of CRF: Alkali and potassium replacement Conservative medical management of CRF: Phosphorus restriction Conservative medical management of CRF: Phosphorus restriction Conservative medical management of CRF: Phosphorus restriction Conservative medical management of CRF: Phosphorus binders Conservative medical management of CRF: Phosphorus binders Conservative medical management of CRF: Phosphorus restriction Conservative medical management of CRF: Phosphorus restriction Conservative medical management of CRF: Phosphorus binders Medical Management of CRF: Uremic Gastroenteritis Medical Management of CRF: H2 Receptor Blockers Medical Management of CRF: H2 Receptor Blockers Medical Management of CRF: Endocrine replacement therapy Medical Management of CRF Hormonal Replacement: Erythropoietin Medical Management of CRF Hormonal Replacement: Erythropoietin Medical Management of CRF Hormonal Replacement: Erythropoietin Medical Management of CRF Erythropoietin: Adverse Effects Medical Management of CRF Erythropoietin: Adverse Effects Medical Management of CRF Erythropoietin: The future Medical Management of CRF Hormonal Replacement: Calcitriol Medical Management of CRF Hormonal Replacement: Calcitriol Medical Management of CRF Hormonal Replacement: Calcitriol Medical Management of CRF Hormonal Replacement: Calcitriol Medical Management of CRF: Anabolic steroids Medical Management of CRF: Anabolic steroids Medical Management of CRF: Blood Pressure Assessment Medical Management of CRF Hypertension: “White Coat Artifact” Medical Management of CRF: Blood Pressure Assessment Medical Management of CRF Hypertension: To treat or not? Medical Management of CRF: Treatment of Hypertension Medical Management of CRF: Treatment of Hypertension Medical Management of CRF: Treatment of Hypertension Medical Management of CRF: Treatment of Hypertension Medical Management of CRF: Avoid stress Medical Management of CRF: Why is survival time so variable? Medical Management of CRF: Findings indicative of a poor prognosis |
Author: Veterinary Technology Services |